Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
Focal adhesion signaling to actin cytoskeleton is critically implicated in cell migration and cancer invasion and metastasis.\nActin-binding proteins cofilin and N-WASP regulate actin filament turnover, and focal adhesion proteins parvins and\nPINCH mediate integrin signaling to the actin cytoskeleton. Altered expression of these proteins has been implicated in human\ncancer. This study addresses their expression and prognostic significance in human laryngeal carcinoma. Protein expressions of\ncofilin, N-WASP, �±-parvin, �²-parvin, and PINCH1 were examined by immunohistochemistry in 72 human laryngeal squamous\ncell carcinomas. Correlations with clinicopathological data and survival were evaluated. All proteins examined were\noverexpressed in human laryngeal carcinomas compared to adjacent nonneoplastic epithelium. High expression of PINCH1 was\nassociated significantly with high grade, lymph node-positive, and advanced stage disease. Moreover, high PINCH1 expression\nsignificantly associated with poor overall and disease-free survival and high cytoplasmic PINCH1 expression was shown by\nmultivariate analysis to independently predict poor overall survival. In conclusion, we provide novel evidence that focal\nadhesion signaling to actin cytoskeleton is implicated in human laryngeal carcinogenesis and PINCH1 has prognostic\nsignificance in the disease....
Citrons have been widely used for medicinal purposes for a long time, but the application of\ncitron in the food industry is still restricted. The extensive advantages of nanotechnology in the food\nindustry have greatly broadened the application of foods. In this study, by employing nanotechnology,\nwe prepared citron-extract nanoparticle with an average size of 174.11 �± 3.89 nm, containing protein\npeptide and/or liposome. In order to evaluate the toxicity of nanoparticles and to ensure food safety,\nbiological cytotoxicity at the cell and genomic levels was also identified to examine the toxicity\nof citron extracts by using an in vitro system. Our results demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of\ncitronliposome was dependent on cell type in high concentrations (1 and 5 mg/mL), selectively against\nprimary human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs), and human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) in\nMTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Interestingly, for the NIH-3T3 and H9C2 cell lines,\ncell cytotoxicity was observed with slight genotoxicity, especially from citronpeptide extract for both\ncell lines. Taken together, our study provides cytotoxicity data on nanoengineered citron extracts\naccording to different cell type as is crucial for further applications....
Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) and B-cell-specific\nMoloney murine leukemia virus insertion site 1 (BMI1) are markers of fast-cycling and quiescent\nintestinal stem cells, respectively. To determine the functions of these proteins in large animals,\nwe investigated their effects on the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells from pigs. Our results\nindicated that LGR5 and BMI1 are highly conserved proteins and that the pig proteins have greater\nhomology with the human proteins than do mouse proteins. Overexpression of either LGR5 or\nBMI1 promoted cell proliferation and WNT/�²-catenin signaling in pig intestinal epithelial cells\n(IPEC-J2). Moreover, the activation of WNT/�²-catenin signaling by recombinant human WNT3A\nprotein increased cell proliferation and LGR5 and BMI1 protein levels. Conversely, inhibition of\nWNT/�²-catenin signaling using XAV939 reduced cell proliferation and LGR5 and BMI1 protein\nlevels. This is the first report that LGR5 and BMI1 can increase proliferation of pig intestinal epithelial\ncells by activating WNT/�²-catenin signaling....
We analysed the expression of cyclins A2, B1, D1, and E1 by immunohistochemistry and numerical aberrations in CCND1 gene by\nfluorescence in situ hybridization technique in 67 primary oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). Cyclin A2 expression was\nobserved in 54 (83.1%) tumours, cyclin D1 in 58 (89.2%), cyclin B1 in 39 (60%), and cyclin E in 21 (32.8%). CCND1 region\nanalysis revealed 26 (43.3%) tumours with the presence of numerical aberrations which were correlated with cyclin D1 high\n[removed]Rho = 0.48; p < 0 001). Twenty-nine (45.3%) tumours were classified as high proliferative tumours assessed by Ki-67\nprotein expression and correlated with tumours with high expression of cyclin A2 (Rho = 0.30; p = 0 016) and cyclin B1\n(Rho = 0.37; p = 0 003). In multivariate analysis for an overall five-year survival (OS), we found an adverse independent\nprognostic value for cyclin A2 high [removed]p = 0 031) and for advanced tumour stage (p < 0 001). Our results confirm that\nseveral cyclins are commonly expressed in OSCC. CCND1 gene is abnormal in more than one-third of the cases and is\nfrequently associated with cyclin D1 high expression. Moreover, cyclin A2 high expression is an independent indicator of worse\nOS suggesting that this protein may serve as a reliable biological marker to identify high-risk subgroups with poor prognosis....
Silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) are a high-protein nutrition source consumed in China\nsince more than 2 thousand years ago. Recent studies revealed that silkworm pupae have therapeutic\nbenefits to treat many diseases. However, the ability of the compounds of silkworm pupae to\ninhibit tumourigenesis remains to be elucidated. Here, we separated the protein of silkworm pupae\nand performed alcalase hydrolysis. Silkworm pupa protein hydrolysate (SPPH) can specifically\ninhibit the proliferation and provoke abnormal morphologic features of human gastric cancer cells\nSGC-7901 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, flow cytometry indicated that SPPH\ncan induce apoptosis and arrest the cell-cycle in S phase. Furthermore, SPPH was shown to provoke\naccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane\npotential. Western blotting analysis indicated that SPPH inhibited Bcl-2 expression and promoted Bax\nexpression, and subsequently induced apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome C release, which\nled to the activation of initiator caspase-9 and executioner caspase-3, cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose)\npolymerase (PARP), eventually caused cell apoptosis. Moreover, SPPH-induced S-phase arrest was\nmediated by up-regulating the expression of E2F1 and down-regulating those of cyclin E, CDK2\nand cyclin A2. Transcriptome sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) also revealed\nthat SPPH treatment could affect gene expression and pathway regulation related to tumourigenesis,\napoptosis and cell cycle. In summary, our results suggest that SPPH could specifically suppress cell\ngrowth of SGC-7901 through an intrinsic apoptotic pathway, ROS accumulation and cell cycle arrest,\nand silkworm pupae have a potential to become a source of anticancer agents in the future....
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